Abbreviations

3LPE – 3 Layer Polyethylene
3LPP – 3 Layer Polypropylene
3RF – 3 Roller Forming

AE – Asphalt Enamel
ADCP – Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
ADP - Acoustic Doppler Profiler
AFFF - Aqueous Film Forming Foam

AGA - American Gas Association
AISI – American Iron and Steel Institute
ALARP - As Low As Reasonably Practicable
ALS - Accidental Limit State
ALS - Accidental Load Situation
ANSI - American National Standards Institute
API - American Petroleum Institute
ASD - Allowable Stress Design
ASHREA - American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
ASM - American Society of Metals
ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASTM - American Society of Testing and Materials
AWS - American Welding Society

Barg - Bar gauge
BCM - Billion Cubic Meter
BDV - Blow Down Valve
BoD - Basis of Design
BOP – Blow Out Preventer
BOP - Bottom of Pipe
BS - British Standard

CA - Corosion Allowance
CAPEX – Capital Cost
CBV – Cost Benefit Value
CCIR - International Radio Consultative
CCITT - International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee
CEC - Communications-Electronics Committee
CEN – Centre European de Normalisation
CEPT - European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations
CEV – Carbon Equivalent
CFR – Coating Field Repairs
CIV – Corrected Inherent Viscosity
COE – C-bending, O-pressing, Expansion
CS - Carbon Steel
CP - Cathodic Protection
CP - Centre Point
CPP - Central Production Platform
CPT – Cone Penetrometer Testing
CRA - Corrosion Resistant Alloy
CSA - Canadian Standards Association
CTE – Coal Tar Enamel
CTOD – Crack Tip Opening Displacement
CWC - Concrete Weight Coating


DCS - Distribution Control System
DEH – Direct Electrical Heating
DFI - Design, Fabrication and Installation
DFO - Documents for Operation
DFT – Dry Film Thickness
DIN – Deutscher Institut fur Normung
DNV - Det Norske Veritas
DO - Dissolved Oxygen
DP – Dynamic Positioning
DWT - Dead Weight Tonnage
DWTT – Dead Weight Tear Test
DSAW - Double Seam Submerged-Arc Welded


ECA – Engineering Critical Assessment
EEZ – Exclusive Economic Zone
EFC – European Federation of Corrosion
EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment
EN –Euro Norm
EPC - Engineering, Procurement and Construction
EPCC - Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Commissioning
EPCM - Engineering, Procurement, Construction, Management
EPCI - Engineering, procurement, Construction, Installation
EPCIC - Engineering, procurement, Construction, Installation and Commissioning
ESD – Emergency Shut Down (valve)
EU - European Union


F&G - Fire and Gas
FAR – Fatal Accident Rate
FATFREE – Fatigue Analysis of Free Spanning Pipelines
FBE - Fusion Bonded Epoxy
FEED - Front End Engineering Design
FAD - Failure Analysis Diagram
FEM - Finite Element Method
FJC – Field Joint Coating
FLS - Fatigue Limit State
FMEA - Failure Mode Effect Analysis
FPS - Floating Production System
FPSO - Floating Production, Storage and Offloading
FRP – Fibre Reinforced Polymer
FSS - Fire Safety System
FWS - Full Well Stream

GA - General Arrangement (drawing)
GCV - Gross Calorific Value
GDC - Gas Distribution Centre
GDS - Gas Distribution Station
GIS – Geographical Information System
GMAW - Gas Metal Arc Welding
GPS - Global Positioning System
GPTC – Gas Piping Technology Committee
GSA - Gas Sales Agreement

HAT - Highest Astronomical Tide
HAZ – Heat Affected Zone
HAZID - Hazard Identification
HAZOP - Hazard and Operation (study/review)
HD – High Density
HDD - Horizontal Directional Drilling
HDPU – High Density Polyurethane
HDPUF - High Density Polyurethane Foam
HFW – High Frequency Welding
HIC - Hydrogen Induced Cracking
HIP – Hot Isostatic Pressing
HIPPS – High Integrity Pressure Protection System
HP/HT - High Pressure / High Temperature
HPMV - High Pressure Mercury Vapor (Light Fitting)
HPS - High Pressure Sodium (Light Fitting)
HSE - Health, Safety and Environmental Protection
HSS – Heat Shrink Sleeve
HVAC - Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning


ICCP - Impressed Current Cathodic Protection
ID - Internal Diameter (pipe bore)
IEE - Institute of Electrical Engineers
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IEC – International Electrotechnical Commission
IJ - Insulation Joint
IP – Intersection Point
IS - Intrinsically Safe
ISA - Instrument Society of America
ISO - International Standardisation Organisation
IT - Information Technology

KP - Kilometer Post
KP - Kilometric Progressive

LAT - Lowest Astronomical Tide
LBV - Line Block Valve
LCI – Life Cycle Information
LF - Landfall
LFS - Landfall Station
LI – Liquidity Index
LL – Liquid Limit
LRFD – Load and Resistance Factor Design
LWOST - Low Water of Spring Tides

MAIP - Maximum Allowable Incidental Pressure
MAOP - Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure
MBR – Minimum Bending Radius
MCC - Motor Control Centre
MCCB - Moulded Case Circuit Breaker
MEG - Methyl Ethyl Glycol
MEG - Mono Ethylene Glycol
MIJ - Monolithic Insulation Joint
MLV - Main Line Valve
MHWN - Mean High Water Neap
MHWS - Mean High Water Springs
MLWN - Mean Low Water Neap
MLWS - Mean Low Water Springs
MMSCMD - Million Metric Standard Cubic Meter Per Day
MODU - Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit
MPI – Magnetic Particle Inspection
MPR - Material Purchase Requisition
MPS – Manufacturing Procedure Specification
MSCMY - Million Standard Cubic Meter Per Year
MSL - Mean Sea Level
MSS - Manufacturers Standardization Society
MT - Metric Tonne
MTO - Material Take-Off

NACE - National Association of Corrosion Engineers (USA)
NDE – Non-Destructive Examination
NDT – Non-Destructive Testing
NEC - National Electric Code
NFPA - National Fire Protection Association
NGL – Natural Gas Liquids
NPV – Net Present Value

OD - Outside Diameter
OGP – Onshore Gas Plant
OMAE – Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering
OPEX – Operational Cost
OREDA – Offshore Reliability Data
OS - Offshore Standard

P&ID - Process and Instrumentation Diagram
PA – Polyamide
PCS - Process Control System
PD – Published Document
PFD - Process Flow Diagram
PE – Polyethylene
PI – Plasticity Index
PL - Plastic Limit
PLC - Programmable Logic Controller
PLEM - Pipeline End Manifold
PLET - Pipeline End Termination
PMCS - Project Management and Control System
PP – Polypropylene
PRCI - Pipeline Research Council International, Inc
PSD – Production Shut Down (valve)
PSV – Pressure Safety (relief) Valve
PU – Polyurethane
PVC - Poly Vinyl Chloride
PVDF – Polyvinylidene Fluoride

QA/QC - Quality Assurance / Quality Control
QRA – Quantified Risk Analysis


RAOs - Response Amplitude Operators
REM – Rare Earth Materials
RFO - Ready For Operation
ROV - Remotely Operated Vehicle
RP - Recommended Practice
RTS – ROV-operated Tie-in System
RTU - Remote Terminal Units

SAR – Synthetic Aperture Radar
SAW - Submerged-Arc Welded
SAWH - Submerged-Arc Welded helical
SAWL - Submerged-Arc Welded Longitudinal
SBM - Single Buoy Mooring
SCADA – Supervision, Control and Data Acquisition (system)
SCF – Stress Concentration Factor
SEAL - Safe and Sustainable Engineering for Asset Lifecycle
SG - Specific Graviti
SI - International System of Units of Measurements
SLOR – Single Line Offshore Riser
SLS – Serviceability Limit State
SMAW - Shielded Metal Arc Welding
SML – Seamless (pipe)
SMLS - Seamless (pipe)
SMSS – Super Martensitic Stainless Steel
SMTS - Specified Minimum Tensile Strength
SMYS - Specified Minimum Yield Stress
SOHIC – Stress Oriented Hydrogen Induced Cracking
SOW - Scope of Work
SP - Start Point
SPM - Single Point Mooring
SRB – Sulphate Reducing Bacteria
SSC – Sulfide Stress Cracking
SSIV – Subsea Safety Isolation Valve
STD - Standard
SWC – Stepwise Cracking
SZC – Soft Zone Cracking

TEG - Tri-Ethylene Glycol
TEMA - Tubular Exchanger Manufacture Association
TFL – Through Flowline
TLP – Tension Leg Platform
TMCP – Thermo-Mechanical Controlled Processing
TOP - Top of Pipe
TP – Tangent Point

UHS - Ultra High Frequency
ULS - Ultimate Limit State
UPS - Uninterruptible Powe Supply
UNECE - United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
UNS – Unified Numbering System
UOE – U-shaping, O-pressing, Expansion
UTC – Unit Transportation Cost
UTM - Universal Transverse Mercator
UV – Ultraviolet (radiation)

VIV - Vortex Induced Vibrations
VRSLA - Valve Regulated Sealed Lead Asid Battery

WB – Wet Buckle
WBC –Wet Buckle Contingency
WBS – Work Breakdown Structure
WC – Water Content
WD - Water Depth
WGS - World Geographical System
WSD - Working Stress Design
WT - Wall Thickness

XLPE – Cross-linked Polyethylene